Determination of the Effect of Sono-Photo Dynamic Therapy by using dual frequency in the presence of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Encapsulated Porphyrin in the Treatment of Adenocarcinoma

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world and in Iran. Sono- photodynamic therapy is a new modality for cancer treatment. In this method, a sensitizer that activates by ultrasound and light produces photochemical and synchochemical activities, thereby causing the toxicity and destruction of tumor cells. The use of dual frequency ultrasound in this therapeutic approach increases synchymic activity and as a result, increases the cellular toxicity. Nanoparticles can be used in the delivery system to eliminate the limitations of sensitizers and improve the efficacy of the treatment. This study to  survey  the  effect of  sono-photodynamic  therapy  with hematoporphyrin-encapsulated drug in mesoporous silica nanoparticles in the animal model of adenocarcinoma. Materials and Methods: After induction of breast tumor adenocarcinoma in inbred Balb/C mice and reaching the appropriate tumor size (diameter of 7-10 mm), the mice were randomly divided into 6 groups of 6 including control group, sham, injection of the drug encapsulated in dose of 5 mg/kg, a laser radiation group with a wavelength 650 nm (150 mW), the group of sonication at the frequency 1MHz (2 W/cm2) + 3 MHz (2 W/cm2) and the group of injection of the drug encapsulated in dose of 5 mg/kg with sonication at the frequency 1MHz (2 W/cm2) + 3 MHz (2 W/cm2) and with laser radiation. The treatment process in different groups was evaluated by evaluating the size of the tumor. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and ANOVA test. Results: For laser radiation group with the injection of the encapsulated drug and with sonication at a frequency 1 MHz (2 W/cm2) + 3 MHz (2 W/cm2), the trend of relative changes in volume was less than other groups, and also the IR parameter was significantly higher than other groups. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate significant inhibitory growth in the laser with sonication group of two frequencies in the presence of sensitizing hematoporphyrin encapsulated in mesoporous silica nanoparticles compared to other groups. This synergy can be due to increased sonochemical activity, resulting in increased toxicity and cell death.